Metformin works by lowering blood sugar levels, primarily in people with type 2 diabetes. It reduces the amount of glucose produced by the liver and enhances the body’s sensitivity to insulin, allowing cells to absorb and use glucose more effectively. Additionally, metformin hcl 500 mg slows the absorption of sugar from the intestines after eating, helping to prevent blood sugar spikes. Unlike some other diabetes medications, it does not increase insulin production, which reduces the risk of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Its primary role is to improve the body’s overall glucose management.